After a couple is married, combining finances, managing budgets, and running a household for many years is a very challenging endeavor and it will likely come as no surprise to most people that financial disagreements are one of the most common reasons couples in Illinois get divorced.

During the divorce process, marital assets must be divided and distributed. As with marriage, finances during divorce can be a very contentious subject. This can be especially true when one spouse is a spendthrift, has substance abuse problems, wantonly gambles, or otherwise wastes a couple’s assets. In cases like these, a temporary financial restraining order (TRO) may be necessary.

What Is a Temporary Financial Restraining Order?

Some states have automatic financial restraining orders that kick in once someone files for divorce. But in Illinois, a spouse must apply for a TRO. A TRO allows spouses to ensure the other spouse does not waste marital property during the divorce process. Many high-net-worth couples use TROs, but anyone can get one if they are filing for divorce and are worried their spouse will be reckless with finances.

A number of recent studies, including a survey by the National Endowment for Financial Education, found that 40 percent of American adults have been deceptive about money with their spouse, and about 75 percent admit that financial deceit has affected their relationships. Considering these statistics, it is not surprising that one of the most contentious issues in a divorce is the division of assets. It is not uncommon for one spouse to try to hide assets from the other in order to avoid having to share them in the divorce.

Finding Hidden Assets

When couples are dissolving their marriage, they are required to provide financial affidavits to the court which reveal any assets they have. Although providing false information to the court is illegal, many spouses would rather take their chances and lie about their assets so they do not have to share them with their soon-to-be ex-spouse.

If you are going through a divorce and think that your spouse is hiding assets from you, there are steps that you and your divorce attorney can take in order to find those assets, including:

Nearly all financial aspects of divorce are complex, but few are quite as complicated and consequential as the 401(k). When a 401(k) is included in the division of assets, you may find yourself facing costly penalties if you do not take the steps to divide it correctly. Those who try to draw from their 401(k) to cover the expenses of divorce also often find themselves in financial trouble. However, with the assistance of an attorney, you can mitigate the risks of dividing your 401(k) and protect your assets for retirement.

Dividing Retirement Assets With a QDRO

Qualified domestic relations orders, or QDROs, are used to divide employer-sponsored retirement and pension plans in divorce. Their purpose is to allow for the transfer of a portion of the assets to an employee’s spouse without incurring income taxes or early withdrawal penalties. As such, they play a crucial role in preserving retirement savings for both parties in the divorce.

However, employers or third-party plan administrators often charge a fee for dividing a retirement account with a QDRO, so you should be prepared for the possibility of another expense during the divorce process. Fees and costs may increase if the QDRO is not drafted correctly, so it is important to work with an attorney who has significant experience with QDROs and dividing retirement assets.

There are multiple decisions and negotiations that divorcing couples must grapple with. Many of these decisions are highly emotional, including the allocation of parental responsibilities, ownership of the family home, custody of the family pet, and even possession of sentimental personal items the couple has amassed during their time together. So many of these decisions revolve around the present that it can be easy to overlook the future issues, such as the division of retirement funds and pensions. For this matter especially, having a skilled divorce attorney assisting you can be critical.

There are many factors to consider when trying to determine how these funds will be divided, including tax implications and early withdrawal penalties if the transaction is not handled correctly. Knowing ahead of time the best way to manage each of these accounts can save a great deal of time, stress, and money.

Dividing Different Types of Retirement Accounts

Different retirement plans require different procedures for division in a divorce. Individual retirement accounts (IRA) are savings accounts that offer many tax advantages while enabling people to save for their retirement. These accounts are usually offered by financial institutions, such as banks and credit unions. Qualified plans, such as 401(k) or 403(b) plans, are employer-sponsored plans. Employees can contribute to these accounts and there are no taxes paid on the amount in the account until the employee actually makes a withdrawal.

In an Illinois divorce, a wide range of assets can be considered marital property, which must be equitably distributed between spouses. This includes joint bank accounts and many properties that you may consider to be part of the household, including the home itself, vehicles, furniture, and more.

However, marital property also likely includes privately owned businesses and other properties owned in only one spouse’s name, provided that they were founded or acquired during the marriage. When you or your spouse have significant business assets, it is important that you understand how the division of property may work in your divorce.

Valuing Marital Business Assets in Illinois

If you have business assets that you want to protect in your divorce, you should first determine whether any of them may be excluded from the marital estate. Businesses that you owned prior to your marriage may be considered non-marital property, especially if they were designated as such in a prenuptial agreement. Businesses purchased with money from a gift or inheritance specifically in your name may also be considered non-marital assets.